Resources mentioned in this episode

1. Free 2 CEU course on Solving Clinical Challenges with Research- www.behavioristbookclub.com/solving

2. Link for the article: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jaba.1068

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Exploring Acquisition Patterns in Functional Analyses: A Deep Dive

Welcome back, fellow behavior analysts, to another episode of the Behaviorist Book Club. Today, we delve into a thought-provoking article that challenges some of the conventional wisdom surrounding functional analyses. Strap in as we navigate through Ferdinand and colleagues' study, "Examining Patterns Suggestive of Acquisition During Functional Analyses, a Consecutive Controlled Series of 116 Cases," published in the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis in 2024.

Unpacking the Research Question

As we embark on this journey, let's first grasp the crux of the research question. Ferdinand et al. set out to explore acquisition patterns within functional analyses, aiming to discern the likelihood of newly acquired functional relationships, particularly focusing on behaviors maintained by social contingencies versus those maintained automatically.

In the realm of behavior analysis, there has long been a concern about inadvertently creating new functions during functional analyses, especially in isolated conditions. Take, for example, the tangible condition—a classic scenario where behavior analysts tread cautiously, fearing the emergence of a new function where none previously existed.

Navigating the Findings

The researchers meticulously analyzed 116 functional analyses conducted between 2015 and 2020 at the Kennedy Krieger Institute. They meticulously examined each case, scrutinizing patterns and narratives to unravel the nuances of functional relationships. The results were intriguing, to say the least.

Out of the total cases analyzed, approximately 13% exhibited an acquired tangible function, while 9% showcased an attention function, and a mere 2% displayed an escape function. Surprisingly, behaviors maintained automatically showed a lower likelihood of acquiring socially maintained functions, with only 6% of cases demonstrating such acquisition.

Implications for Practice

These findings are not merely numbers on a page; they carry significant implications for practitioners. For starters, they challenge the notion that functional analyses inevitably lead to the creation of new functions. While the risk exists, it's not as pervasive as previously assumed.

Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of robust pre-assessment procedures. Careful consideration of caregiver reports, client interviews, and preference assessments can enhance the accuracy of functional analyses, minimizing the risk of inadvertently shaping new functions.

Embracing Error-Based Planning

As a seasoned behavior analyst, I've always advocated for embracing error-based planning. Just as in any intervention, there's a chance of unintended consequences. However, armed with knowledge and foresight, we can mitigate these risks and adapt our interventions accordingly.

Consider the example of planned ignoring—a contentious strategy in behavior management. While critics warn of the potential for inadvertently reinforcing undesired behaviors, a savvy behavior analyst can implement safeguards and contingency plans to address any emerging issues.

Conclusion: A Call to Action

In closing, Ferdinand and colleagues' study serves as a wake-up call for behavior analysts. Rather than shying away from functional analyses out of fear of creating new functions, let's approach them with confidence and strategic foresight.

By honing our pre-assessment procedures, adopting error-based planning, and remaining vigilant throughout the intervention process, we can navigate the complexities of behavior change with precision and efficacy.

Thank you for tuning in to this episode of the Behaviorist Book Club. Your engagement and feedback are invaluable as we continue our quest for knowledge and excellence in behavior analysis. Until next time, keep questioning, keep learning, and keep striving for meaningful behavior change.